- There is such an expression as "toothless old age". Old age has always been associated with the absence of teeth. And how are things now?
- Now the situation has, of course, changed, since we can offer treatment using implants to a patient who has lost his own teeth. Moreover, it is possible to replenish the dental row so that no one will even guess that the person has lost his  teeth.

- Is there a connection between age and implant survival?
- There is no such connection. Osseointegration is an asymptomatic process that proceeds well both at 30 and at 80 years of age. There is no age limit in this sense. The only limitation is the person's well-being, associated with any age-related features that make it difficult for him to visit the dentist.

- And the treatment process – how comfortable is it for the patient?
- Currently, 3D modeling on digital jaw models allows us to make the process absolutely comfortable for the patient and unnoticeable for others. Of course, we carried out implant treatment 20 years ago, but now we have the opportunity to do it through planning, completely eliminating any adverse consequences.

- There are probably many reasons for tooth loss with age. Which would you say are the main ones?
- You'd be surprised, but there aren't that many! In fact, there are only two reasons. One is periodontitis. And the second reason is bad dentists. Often we see a picture when a patient's teeth are lost or have become orthopedically unusable and we realize that this is the result of the activities of your colleagues. Namely, poor-quality prosthetics, which has become the cause of mass tooth loss.

- Is there a difference in the reasons for tooth loss for men and women?
- I don't see a difference in the reasons. But there is a difference in the attitude towards one's teeth. Men prefer not to seek help until the last minute, so it is for male patients that we most often observe tooth loss, which is already of a dramatic nature. Moreover, the loss of not only teeth, but also bone tissue, and such cases, of course, are more complicated. But even in such situations, we can restore everything.

- There are many examples of people not solving the problem with their teeth because they are “not visible” - the sixth, seventh and even fifth. How does this affect the entire system and what can it lead to?
 - Alas, this is really so - people postpone treatment because the absence of teeth is not noticeable to others! Unfortunately, this has its consequences. After all, when you finally decide to do something with your teeth, you will first need to correct the deformations of the bone and other teeth. And they will inevitably arise even if there is only one missing tooth, not to mention the loss of entire fragments of the dentition.

- How does the absence of teeth affect the bone, what happens to it?
- Provided that you chew not with your teeth, but with your gums, the unconventional load on the gums can lead to bone loss. Another reason that leads to a large loss of bone is traumatic tooth extraction. Unfortunately, we still encounter cases when forceps are applied during tooth extraction and the tooth is removed along with a bone fragment.

- Periodontitis is a disease that leads to the resorption of the jaw bone and loss of teeth. Nowadays, is this a death sentence for teeth?
- For teeth, it is a death sentence. But for the patient, it is not at all. Periodontitis itself does not mean that the train has left and you will necessarily have removable dentures. Of course not! There are many methods, many opportunities in this direction, and even for patients with severe periodontal phenomena, we can provide high-quality treatment using implants, and these teeth will stand and serve him for life.

- That is, if a person loses his teeth due to periodontitis, then modern technologies will allow implants to take root and last forever?
- Of course! Moreover, it is very important to plan treatment correctly in this regard, because half measures will not be effective here. We plan treatment in such a way as to change the microflora in the oral cavity and install implants in the new microflora without consequences. Periodontitis should in no case turn into peri-implantitis, and this is mainly the doctor's task.

- Aram Lenserovich, do you think that everyone can keep his teeth healthy whole life or only those who are very lucky?
- Only a very small percentage of people manage to keep their teeth in perfect, pristine condition until old age. But absolutely everyone can avoid serious treatment! Preventive cleaning is a kind of insurance against the fact that in the future you will need complex treatment. In addition, regular examination of the oral cavity by a qualified doctor is necessary, who will be able to see some minor changes at an early stage - enamel wear, parafunctional habits, and inform you about this, so that together you can develop measures to preserve your teeth.